C-12 — Heredity in Organisms and Biological Evolution

What is heredity?

Heredity is studied in detail in which special branch of biology?

Which of the following best illustrates the principle of heredity?

What is the main heredity material of organisms?

The chromosome was first discovered by—

In which year was the chromosome first discovered?

Inside the nucleus, the chromosome remains spread as a thread-like structure called—

The diploid chromosome number across various species ranges from—

The length of a chromosome may be—

The width of a chromosome may be—

According to the textbook, 1 micron equals—

Why are chromosomes called the physical basis of heredity?

The main component of a chromosome is—

The double helical structure of DNA was first described by—

In which year did Watson and Crick describe the structure of DNA?

Which sugar is present in DNA?

Which of the following is a purine?

Which of the following is a pyrimidine?

Adenine pairs with thymine through how many hydrogen bonds?

Guanine pairs with cytosine through how many hydrogen bonds?

In a DNA molecule, the hydrogen bonds always form between—

The length of one complete twist of the DNA helix is—

How many nucleotides are present in one complete twist of the DNA helix?

The distance between two adjacent nucleotides in DNA is—

The diameter of the DNA helix is—

The two polynucleotide strands in DNA are positioned—

In a prokaryotic cell, DNA is usually—

Who took X-ray diffraction pictures of DNA from different angles?

A nucleotide of DNA contains—

The full form of RNA is—

Most RNA molecules contain—

Which sugar is found in RNA?

Which nitrogen base is present in RNA but absent in DNA?

In which virus does RNA serve as the hereditary material because DNA is absent?

RNA contains—

The unit that controls all the visible and invisible characters of an organism is—

The location of a gene on a chromosome is called—

Which of the following is regarded as the perfect master of heredity?

The correct flow of information in a cell is—

In a eukaryotic cell, after synthesis at the ribosome the protein is first deposited in—

In Mendel's experiment with peas, the gene 'T' represents—

A pea plant with the genotype 'Tt' will be—

With respect to 't', the gene 'T' is called—

A pea plant with the genotype 'tt' will be—

Different versions of the same gene are called—

Who is called the father of genetics?

In which year did Mendel conduct his experiments with pea plants?

In Mendel's classic experiment, the F2 generation showed which ratio of tall to short plants?

In Mendel's cross of TT × tt pea plants, the F1 generation consisted of—

DNA replication follows which mechanism?

In which year did Watson and Crick first successfully propose the DNA replication process?

During DNA replication, the two strands separate by breaking—

After replication, each new DNA molecule contains—

The scientific and practical method of DNA test is called—

Which of the following can serve as an organic specimen for DNA test?

In a DNA test, DNA is cut into pieces by—

Which technique is used in a DNA test to sort DNA pieces according to length?

Which method allows DNA testing from a very small sample without error?

The total number of chromosomes in a human body cell is—

How many pairs of chromosomes are present in a human cell?

Out of 23 pairs of chromosomes in a human cell, the number of autosomes is—

The sex chromosomes of a human female are—

The sex chromosomes of a human male are—

Which statement about the Y chromosome is correct?

A human egg always contains which sex chromosome?

A human sperm may carry—

Who plays the major role in determining the sex of a human child?

If a sperm carrying a Y chromosome fertilizes the egg, the baby will be—

Sex-linked disorders in humans most commonly arise due to mutation of the—

Why are females usually not affected by sex-linked disorders?

A person who is not affected by a sex-linked disorder but carries the mutant gene is called a—

Why do males directly show the symptom of a sex-linked disorder when their X chromosome is affected?

Colour blindness occurs due to deficiency of pigments in the—

The most universal type of colour blindness is the inability to differentiate between—

According to the textbook, the proportion of men who are colour blind is approximately—

Which medicine, used to treat rheumatism, may trigger colour blindness as a side effect?

The Ishihara chart is used for the identification of—

Thalassemia is a disease arising from abnormal—

Thalassemia is which type of genetic disorder?

According to the textbook, every year approximately how many babies are born with thalassemia in Bangladesh?

The estimated current number of thalassemia patients in Bangladesh is about—

Red blood cells contain which two types of protein associated with thalassemia?

β-thalassemia is also known as—

β-thalassemia is most prevalent among people of which region?

According to the textbook, α-thalassemia is prevalent in—

In thalassemia major, the affected baby obtains thalassemia genes—

Thalassemia is treated mainly by—

A thalassemia patient should avoid which type of food?

Major thalassemia patients face threats of life around the age of—

When both parents are carriers of thalassemia, the probability that their child will be affected is—

Who first discovered fossils?

In which year did Xenophanes discover fossils?

Aristotle proved evolution-related ideas around—

According to the latest scientific data, how long ago was the earth a heated gas mass evolved from the sun?

Who first used the term "biological evolution"?

According to the modern definition by Curtis-Burns (1939), biological evolution is—

According to the textbook, approximately how many animal species are identified worldwide?

According to the textbook, approximately how many plant species have been identified?

According to the textbook, 2.6 billion years ago the earth's atmosphere lacked—

Which gas was NOT present in the primitive atmosphere of earth?

The origin of earth and the consequent evolution of life is called—

Nucleoprotein is produced from the combination of—

Which of the following is considered as a state between living and non-living?

Which of the following has a primitive nucleus (prokaryotic cell)?

According to the textbook, the correct order of appearance is—

Charles Darwin was born in—

The lifespan of Charles Robert Darwin was—

In which year was Darwin's book 'Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection' published?

Which scientist independently developed a natural-selection theory similar to Darwin's?

According to Darwin, in one breeding season a female salmon fish lays approximately—

According to Darwin, struggle for existence occurs at how many levels?

A peacock eating a snake or a snake eating a frog is an example of—

When herbivorous animals on an island fight among themselves for food and shelter, it is called—

Extinction of the koel bird in Mid and North America due to severe cold and snowfall is an example of—

The difference between two specimens of the same species is called—

Which of the following is described by Darwin as an innate characteristic of organisms?

The concept of "Survival of the fittest" relates to—

According to modern geneticists, new varieties may be produced by—

Macroevolution refers to—

The conditions required for natural selection are—

Which category of variable trait favours environmental tolerance or adaptation?

Non-Darwinian evolution can occur by—

The emergence of new flu virus strains almost every year is mainly explained by—

A bird's wing, a bat's wing, a whale's flipper and a human hand are examples of—

The wings of a bat and the wings of a moth used for flight are examples of—

The third eyelid and tail bone in humans are examples of—

Platypus, mudskipper and gnetum are best described as—

Limulus and Ginkgo biloba are known as—

A fossil is best defined as—

Genetically engineered male mosquitoes that mate with females but produce no offspring will—

Mosquito populations becoming resistant to insecticides over time is an example of—

The process by which species attain greater ability to cope with the environment for long-term survival is called—

Selecting good seeds from a crop and replanting them year after year is essentially an imitation of—

Observe the figure showing ovum and sperm. How many chromosomes are found in position X of the figure?

In the same ovum-sperm figure, what types of sex-determining chromosomes are present in A and B respectively?

Why is the chromosome called the physical basis of heredity?

Which of the following describes the newly invented method by scientists for mosquito control?

According to the textbook, how do new species originate?

The flippers of a seal are similar in basic skeletal structure to a human hand. They are therefore considered—

The most accepted reason for the extinction of dinosaurs is—

Sifat's three daughters look different from each other and from their parents. The biological reason is—

It is irrational for Mr. Sifat to blame his wife for having only daughters because—

In Case 1, the F1 generation from a cross between pure tall (TT) and pure dwarf (tt) pea plants will be—

Somor and Gouri are both anaemic and confirmed carriers of a hereditary blood disorder. Their disease is most likely—

The probability that a child of two thalassemia carriers will be affected with thalassemia is—

Why are males more likely to be colour-blind than females?